Recoverable well packer and fluid sampler



Sept. 30, 1930. G. A MACREADY RECQVERABLE WELL PACKER AND FLUID SAMPLER 5 sheets-sheet v Original Filed Aug.' 2, 1923 f I. Jr. L ...al @Gry/fdr? .LLV-..W.|r... t fwmhu... I 3.1 WA..

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Patented Sept'.Y 30, 1930 .PATENTgoFFIcE GEORGE A. MACREADY, or Los ANGELES/CALIFORNIA RECVERBLE WELL PACKER AND FLUID SAMPLER vApplication led August 2, 1923, Serial No. `655,206.` Renewed May 8, 1925.

' This invention relates 'to deep well appa# ratus and more particularly to a well packer and fluid sampler.

The invention further relates to a method for so handling a pacler and sampler that the entire structure can be utilized in taking well product samples at dierent levels pro-V gressively to facilitate in determining when and where to cement off, and at the same '30 timeto-insure recovery of the apparatus.

An object is to provide aA packer and sampler in combination with means ada ted to be compressed at the upper end of t e seated seal at the top of the packer bo y to fill crevices and thus prevent downward flow of Vwater past the packer and insure a reliable test of the well product below the packer body.

An object is to provide an apparatus includinga lowering structure and a packer',

body telescopically attached thereto, and to 33 provide means forming a wad to be expanded into the well hole to form a tight acking pad by the downward movement of t e lowering structure. An object is to provdea locking means to prevent the relative tele- 35 scoping of the packer members into the low ering structure in the event that a temporary resistance should. be encountered by the packer, for the purpose of preventing the'eX- pansion of the packing wad at an undesired 40 and unintentional depth in the hole.

An object is to provide means foreff'ecting `a downward circulation of circulatingfluid to the bottom element of the packer, and to provide for the removal of such means when y desired and the insertion, in lits place, of a with the ports Figure 9. bailing means; and further, an object 1s to Figure I11.

paratus including a packer body to be arranged in a temporarily stationary position in the well`hole land including a lowering structure adapted to be constantly reciprocated and combining a bai-ling means to be associated stationarily with the seated packer and provide. for hailing from -below the packer while the lowering structure formin a part of the apparatus is being reciprocate Other objects and advantages will be made so manifestin the following specification of an embodiment of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure l is a diagrammatic sectional view showing the apparatus, including the .lowering structure and a packer inserted, with the packer body resting on its seat prior to the expansion of the sealing wad. e l Fig.' 2' is a diagrammatic sectional view showing the recovery of the lock unit and a T0 `subsequent expansion of the sealing wad. packer to form a substantiall `Water-tight Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic sectional view showing the apparatus as installed and operating for bailing below the seated packer body and showing the lowering pipe partly lifted and adapted for reciprocation.

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section showing the packer unit and the lower portion of the lowering pipe, and showing the packer retainer sleeve bearing against the packer body,

of the discharge sleeve uncovered.l y

Fig. 5 is a cross section on line 5--5 of the packer' stein...

Fig. 6 is a side elevation ofa wad cartridge. Fig. 6 is Ia side'elevation of a modified form of wad cartridge. l

Fig'.l 7. is .a cross section through the wad cartrldge. Fig. 8 is an axial section of the wad expanding cone.

Fig. 9 is a longitudinal section of the locking unit collapsed. l

Fig. 10 is a cross section on line lO-lO of Fig. 1l is a longitudinal section of the lock'- i'ng unit expanded. f

Fig. 12 is a cross section on line 12-12 of My present invention involves a novel lmethod and apparatus for taking formation of illustration a form of apparatus is here shown'as comprising a substantial, rather elon ated, conicalpacker body 2, which may be o metal, and which is adapted to make a more or less snug Et in a previously cut seat Sin the well hole W'which is being drilled, and in which it is desired to ascertain the proper level foracementing off.

The packer body is hollow and attached,

to its lower end by a suitable nipple 3 and coupler 4 is a suitable length lof perforated pipe '5. Attached to the upper end of the packer body 2 is a.A hollow spindle 2, the upper end of which is provided with an external, annular shoulder a. This combina- 'tion of members may be regarded as the packer unit of the apparatus. Preferably, the spindle 2a somewhat clears the adjacent surrounding surface at the upper end o f the packer bod 2, so as to allow for a certain or possible bowing of the spindle during use of the apparatus.

Means for lowering the packer unit to the seat S in the well hole includes, as here shown, an outeror lowering pipe or tube 8 of such diameter as to be capable of passing downy into the well.

To the lower end of the pipe 8, which is obviously built-up of pipe sections, is aiatached what I may term a discharge sleeve 9, these parts being threaded togetheras at 10. This discharge sleeve 9 has a bore of sufficient diameter to-permit the entrance of the upper end of the packer spindle ,23, which end, when telescoping down in the discharge sleeve 9, serves to substantially cloes radial discharge ports 11 in the sleeve and thus prevent the material escape of the circulating liquid which may be forced down through the lowering'pipe 8.

Into'the lower end of the discharge sleeve 9 is secured a portion 12 of a hollow sleeve or shoe 13; the upper end of the part 12 thereof being a shoulder b and this is adapted to be engaged by the shoulder a of the packer spindle 2bwhen, in the assemblage of the parts, the apparatus is in position to be lowered into the well hole. In other words, during the lowering in of the apparatus the packer unit is suspended by the engagement of the shoulder a with the opposing shoulder b provided at the lower end Yof the lowering unit which may be regarded as comprising the outer pipe 8, the sleeve 9 and its' attached shoe 13. As above stated, when the head of the spindle 2a is telescoped in the discharge sleeve 9, the head forms a closure for the discharge ports 11.

VIt is desirable to provide a -substantially leak-proof packing at the head of the seated packer body 2in 4the well hole to prevent the trickling or seepage downward of well liquid through interstices which may occur between the body 2 of the packer and the stone or lformation seat S cut therefor in the well hole.' To that end, in the assembly of the apparatus preparatory to lowering in, there is. mounted u on the packer spindle 2a an expansible .or disruptive and deformable medium which can be dislodged from the spindle2a and compressed solidly and effectively against the wall formation at the head of the packer body. A form of such sealing means or medium may consist of a cartridge including a sleeve-like spool of fibers or cords 15 which, for convenience, may be laid longitudinally on a. fragile 'spool or tube 16. The fibrous sealing means may be wrapped or encased as in the jacket or winding of tape 17. This cartridge is adapted to be slid down 'upon the spindle 2 and against the upper end of the packer body 2 and is followed, preferably, by a conical expanding device, 18 sliding on the spindle 2a and the larger end of which is disposed against the lower, abutting or rammin endof the shoe 13, as is clearly shown in igure 1.

In Fig. 6 the wad cartridge is shown as of a' considerable length, this cartridge consisting of two or more of the cartridges shown in Fig. 64 arranged end to. end and separated by a spacing ring 18', which enga es the ends of the spools or tubes 16.

ince the sealing cartridge is to be dissince this disruption is secured by the relative downward movement of the shoe 13 and the lowering unit after the packer is seated, it is desirable to provide means for preventing the cartridge from being destroyed at any intermediate point, as by the relative upward movement f the packer unit should the latter encounter momentary resistance suiiicient tohold it while the lowering unit is descending. Therefore, I provide an automatically acting locking means tol secure the| packer unit against upward, accidental movement in the lowering unit and therefore to protect the sealing-cartridge.

A form of automatic locking means is clearly shown in Figures 9 to'12, inclusive, as including a unit assembly comprising a tubular head 20 having a reduced lower leading end 20l designed to telescope in the socket c provided in the upper end of the packer spindle 2a and-which socket is provided with a conical ground seat d, Figure 4. The head 20 has an upwardly extending, reduced neck plow, as the head 20, and this provides for the downward flow of water from an inside pipe 23 which is attached to the upper end of the mandrel 21.

Slidably mounted on the nose ortion 22 of the mandrel is a set of expansib e, externally toothed slips`25 which are shown as 4provided with channels 26 on their inner faces running on complementary'guideways 27 alongl l pleted, and further, to provide for the taking the'tapered nose 22 of the mandrel.

When the assembled parts of thelapparatus are in position to be initially lowered into the well hole, the head 20 rests on the upper end of the spindle 2aand the, slips 25 are in their normal, expanded position, Figure l1, and rest on the upper end of-thehead 20. The slips 25 are maintained'in their expanded position by the expander 21 which rests with its nose 22 against the slips 25. Upon 'any tendency upon the part of the packer spindle 2a to move upwardly in the lowering pipe, the slips 25 immediately become effective bya downward pressure againstl the con-i tiguous portion ofthe lowering -pipe 8 to bite into the same and thus'lock the packer unit against upwardmovement so that the interposed cartridgedevice 15 is therefore protected against destruction prematurely. The slips 25 serve no other purpose than to assist in placingfthe cartridge device l5 in position for operation.

After the packing unit has been seated on Y the seat S, as lin,Figure 2, the locking device includingv the slips 25 is withdrawn 'as a unit as by means of any fishing spear F, Figure v2,

which is adapted to enter the upper end of the pipe 23, one function of which is to form a weight of sufficient effectiveness to hold the -slips in expanded position. When the fishing spear F has grappled in the pipe 23, the latter, with all of the locking members forming th'e locking or clamping unit, can be withdrawn from the apparatus. The initial upward movement of the mandrel 21 retracts its nose 22 to a suflicient degree to `allow the slips 25 to contract. or free themselves lfrom the engaged pipe 8. Further upward movement brings the mandrel nose against the.'

shoulder 20c of the neck`20b and therefore upward movement of the pipe`23 lifts the locking unit from the outer or lowering pipe 8.

Upon the removal of the locking means, the outer pipe '8, which obviously is suspended during operations by any suitable elevator E, may then be lowered so that its shoe 13 will force the disrupting cone 18on the spindle 2a, with the result that the cartridge of fiber 15, or whatever other material or character' the cartridge may have, is crushed and forced outwardly and compressed to form a. good seal or packing ring R, Figure 3, around the` head of the packer body 2. Preferably the disrupting cone 18 is of av material soft home.

An object is to provide not only 'an apparatus and method for facilitating the deterpacking-ring are sent firmly min'ation of the cementing level, 'but also to provide a method for 'insuring the recovery of the apparatus after the test has been com-` of a sample of the well product.

Therefore, during the lowering of the packer to its seat, liquid is forced down through the outer pipe 8 and, since the discharge ports 11 of the sleeve`9 are closed by thespindle 2a when it is in" the lowering position, the circulation liquid will be driven down through the-hollow lock unit and the hollow packer unit and discharged from theeXtreme lower end of the same into the hole, and thencejpass upwardly around the outside of the apparatus. i A

AAfter the packer body has been seated and the packing ring R compressed in. place, the parts are then Vin such position that liquid forced down through the outside pipe 8 will pass around the spindle 2a and out through the discharge ports 11 and thence flow upwardly around the outside of the pipe 8, therefore keeping the well hole open and preventing the'pipe from freezing.

It is desirable, after the packerbody has been seated, also to reciprocate the outer pipe 8 in the well hole above the packer, and for this purpose there is attached to the upper end of the outer pipe a 'head fitting 30, having a lateral connection 31 to which may be 4 attacheda circulation hose 32. Above the 'fitting 30 isa part 33 in which is arranged a casing and through which the well hole below To the part 33`at the head of the outer pipe l there may be attached the elevator E by which the outer pipe is lowered away and also by l seated at such intervals as may be desired to keep it from sticking. I

The hailing pipe 37 has at its lower end a nipple 38 designed'to enter the socket c at the upper endof the packer spindle 2a and engage the ground seat d so as to make a sufficiently tight joint thereon to cut off in flow of water or circulating'liquid which may be forced through the fitting 30 down in the outer pipe 8. J Y

From the above it will be seen that the hailing pipe 37 rests in a stationary manner on the packer stem, since the latter is held sta tionary on its seat, and while the packer Ythe packer may be bailed to obtain a sam- 1115 which it is reciprocated after the packer is bailing pipe 37 is stationary, the string of outer pi e 8 can be alternately raised and lowered by the elevators E to keep it free in the hole. The packing v34l in the head of the apparatus makes a tight oint on the upper polished section 36 on the ailing pipe.

Ydeepenedas may be determined necessary according to the results f the test.

It ma be desirable to provide for a rotation oit e acker body while it is being lowered into tile hole, and this may be accomplished in any suit-able manner and by any means, as for instance the spindle 2a may have a noncircular cross section so as to engage in the shoe 13 without rotation, so that if the' lowering pipe is rotated,'the packer body also would be rotated. 1 v i Further embodiments, modilications and variations may be resorted to within the prin- Y, ciple of the invention.

What is claimed is: 1. A drilled well packer and sampler including a tubularexternally tapered packer body adapted to be lowered to a previously drilled seat in a well hole, tubular means for lowering the packer body to its seat and slidably connected to the packer, a device for locking the packer body and. tubular lowering means to prevent their relative motion, said' device locking by leXpansible slips and removable from the well when the packer is seated, means at the lower end of the tubular lowering means to drive the packer down tightly into the seat by dropping the tubular lowering means on the packer, thereby deformingv the packer or seat or both to form a liquid tight seal. y

2. A drilled well packer and sampler including a packer body adapted to belowered to and against a previously drilled seat in the `well hole, tubular means for lowering the packer body to its seat, means at the head of the packer body to be expanded at the head of the seated packer body to form a substantially leak-proof seal, a tubular spindle attached to the packer body and slidably connected with the tubular lowering means,`said packing means consisting of a cartridge formed of a packing material mounted on said spindle -and adapted to be. crushed to form a water-tight seal at the head of the seated packer body, and a locking device arranged in the said tubular lowering means for preventing relative telescopic action of the spindle in the tubular means to prevent premature effective expansion of the acking cartridge, said. locking device including expacking means consisting of a cartridge -formed of a packing material mounted on said spindle and adapted to be crushed to form a water-tight seal at the head of the seated packer body, and a locking device arranged in the said tubular lowering means for preventing relative telescopic action of the spindle in the tubular means to prevent premature effective expansion of the packing cartridge, said locking device including l expansible slip members held in a normally expanded position in the tubular means while the apparatus is being lowered in, said slip members being held in effective expanded position b a retractive means adapted to be vremoved rom the tubular means when the packer body is ultimately seated. Ll. A drilled well packer and sampler including a packer body adapted to be lowered to and against a previously drilled seat in the well hole, tubular means for lowering the packer body to its seat, means at the head of the packer bodyto be expanded at the head of the seated packer body to form a substantially leak-proof seal; a tubular spindle attached to the packer body and slidably con- .nected with the tubular lowering means, said packing means consisting of a cartridge 'ormed of a packing material mounted on said spindle and adapted to' be crushed to form a water-tight seal at the head of the seated packer body, and a locking device arranged in the said tubular'lowering means for preventing. relative telescopic action of the spindle in the tubular means to prevent premature effective expansion of the packing cartridge. said locking device including expansible slip members held iii-a normally expanded position in the tubular means while`the apparatus is being'lowered in, said slip members being held in effective expanded position bya retractive means adapted to be removedfroni the tubular means when the packer body is ultimately seated, whereby to permit the said cartridge to be expanded by downward movement of the tubular means. 4

-5. A drilled well packer and sampler consisting of the following units: a first unit comprising a tapered packer body, a packing and hollow spindle adapted Vto be lowered to and driven into a previously formed seat in theA well hole and equipped with shoulders to limit means consisting lowering means, therebyldirecting the circu lation flow to discharge below the bottom of the packer; a second unit comprising altubu lar lowering means slidably connected to the iirst unit and equipped with ports near its l lower end which, when not closed by the first unit, permit circulation to discharge from inl@ the well hole and pass thence to the surfaceV of the ground and constructed at its lower end to-drive the packer into its seat by drop` ping said lowering means upon said packer; a third unit comprising a removable locking of slips which prevent relative movement etween the iirst and secondl units during the flowering operations, said locking means to .be removed from the well when Vthe packer is seated; a fourth unit come prising a tubular sampling means adapted to' i be loweredthrough the lowering means and equipped at tslower end 4-to reston and make a tight sealwitli a complementary part `of t 1e lirst unit, thereby forming .a continuous liquid y tig-ht' tube from the surface "of the ground to .3o

the bottom of the packer through which fluid originating below the packer'can .be `drawn by bailing or pumping, said'sampl'ing means being' of sufiicient weight .to `hold the acker lirmly against the seaty in the .well h o e into' which it has beendriven, thereby sealing the well on the outside of the packer; a fifth unit comp-rising a device fixed to the upper end of the lowering means and equipped with a port for thea'dmission of a circulation fluid between the 'second and fourth units and slida i bly connected by a stuliing boX about thesam lle / the well hole, means for lowering the packer bodyI to its seat, a sliding connection between said means and the packer body and whereby reciprocation may be imparted to said meanl after the packer has been seated and a packing cartridge between the packer body and 4 the lowering means.

d 7.y A drilled well packer and sampler inT cluding a tubular packer body adapted to be lowered to and against a previously drilled seat in the .well hole, means for lcwering the packer body to its scat, a sampler device adapted to be lowered into a joint-forming vengagement with a complementaryi, part of said packer bod after the latter has been seated, said pacli spindle slidably fitted in `the lower end of `t 1e lowering means and with the. upper end `of which spindle saidl sampler device forms a joint; when itis placed in position and a cartridge'of packing material on the spindle.

Blf-A drilled well packer and sampler including 'a tubular packer body adapted tov side of said lowering means into the spa-ce bei" be lowered to and againsta previously drilled tween said lowering means and the wall of``A seat in the well hole, meanslfor lowering the packer body to its seat, a packing cartridge above the packer body and a sampler device 'adapted to displace the cartridge and to be lowered into Aa joint-forming engagement with a complementary part of said packer er body having a tubular" body after the lattery has been seated, said Y means including a head structure provided for. circulation flow into the well and in which the sampler device is operativelymounted and packed, whereby the lowering means may be moved while the sampler device is resting on the seated packer body.

9; A drilled well packer and sampler including a tubular packer body adapted to be with a complementary. part of lsaid packer body after the latter has been seated, :said means including a head structure provided for circulationiiow into the well and in which the sampler device is operatively mounted and packed, whereby the lowering means may be reciprocated while the sampler device is resting on the seated packer body.

10. A drilled well packer and sampler in: cluding a packer body adapted to be lowered to` and against a previously drilledseat in the well hole, tubular means for lowering the packer body toits seat and being provided adjacent its lower end with discharge ports, v

said packer body having a tubular spindle extending up'into the lower end ofsaid means and being provided with a portionadapted, in

one position, to close the said discharge ports,

whereby circulation fluid is forced through said packer body having a tubular spindle extending up into the lower end of said means and being provided with a portion adapted, in one position, to close the said discharge ports, 'whereby circulation fluid is forced through the tubular spindle andpac'ker body, and a sampler device insertibleinto the lowering means and having a part complementary to the upper end of the said spindle whereby to make a joint therewith and throughwhich device, spindle and packer body, samples may be taken from below the seated packer body while circulation is maintained through the dischargeports. v

12. A drilled well packer and sampler includinrr a packer body adapted to be lowered to ano against `a previously drilled seat in the well hole, tubular means :forlowering the packer body to its seat and driving the packer body intoits seat and providing at its lower "end for discharge of fluid above the seated packer a sealing medium adapted to be eX- panded in the well hole at the head ofthe seated packer to prevent downward flow of fluid, said packer being hollow and Ahaving a tubular spindle extending up into the low- `ering means to provide for taking samples of well product from below he seated packer,

and a sampler adapted to be lowered into the tubular means and through which samples may be taken and providing for circulation downwardly inthe tubular means.

13. A drilled well packer and sampler com prising atapered packer body, tubular lowering means for lowering said `packer body upon a previously formed seat in the well hole, meansV permitting a limited relative movement between said lowering means and .said packer body, whereby said lowering means may be reciprocated in the well hole while said packerI body remains seated, and a tubular sampling means adapted to be lowered within said lowering means and to seat upon said packer body so as to weight it against its seat and permit obtaining a sample of well fluid from below said packer body.

14. A drilled well packer and sampler comprising a tapered packer body and tilbular lowering means slidably connected to the' packer body whereby the lowering means may be i'ecipiocated while the packer body is seated on a seat in the well, said lowering means having an external diameter substa-ntially equal to the greatest external diameter ofthe packer -so4 as to' provide for the recovery of the packer. I

15. A drilled well packer and sampler comprising a' packer body, tubular lowering means for lowering the packer body, and an open ended tube upon the'paclrer body eX- tending upwardly into the lowering means so as to have a slidable connection therewith, whereby the lowering means may be moved while the packer remains seated, and a samcomprising a tapered packer body adapted -to seat upon a previously formed seat in a well hole, tubular lowering means for lowering the packer body onto the seat, and an open ended tube upon the packer body eX- tending up into the interior of the lowering means providing for a limited sliding movement between the lowering means and the packer body, whereby the lowering means may be reciprocated while the packer remains seated in the well hole.

17. A drilled well packer and sampler comprising a packer body, tubular lowering means slidably connected to said packer body, and tubular sampling means adapted to be `lowered within said lowering means and to seat upon said packer body, wherebyv the Packer body may be held upon its seat in the well by the weight of the sampling means while the tubular lowering'means is being'reeiprocated.

18. A packing apparatus for deep wells, comprising an outer pipe, an inner pipe, a packer slidably connected to lthe outer pipe, said packer and inner pipe being adapted to exclude fluid in the well above the seated packer from said inner pipe, while said outer pipe is bein(r reciprocated and a sample of well fluid isbbeing obtained from below the packer through said inner pipe.

19. A packing apparatus for deep wells i comprisingan outer pipe, an inner pipe, aA packer slidably connected to said outer pipe, there being a longitudinal aperture through said packercommunicating with said inner pipe, said packer and inner pipe being adapted to exclude Huid 'in the well above the seated packer from said inner pipe, while said outer pipe is being reciprocated and a sample of well fluid is being obtained from below the packer through the inner pipe.

20. A drilled well packer and sampler comprising a packer body, tubular ,lowering means slidably connected to said packer body, and tubular sampling means adapted to seat upon said packer body, there being discharge ports at the lower end of said lowering means l, adapted to permit circulation fluid to flow' uponthe inside and outside of said lowering means.

21. A drilled well packer and sampler comprising a packer body, tubular lowering means slidably connected to said packer body, and tubular sampling means supported upon the packer body, there being discharge ports at the .lower end of said lowering means adapted to permit circulation fluid to flow upon the inside and outside of said lowering means while fluid is being drawn from below the packer through said sampling means.

22. A drilled well packer and sampler comprising a packer body, tubular lowering means slidably connected to said packer'body, tubularsampling means adapted to seat upon said packer body, and means providing discharge. ports at the lower end of said lowering means adapted to permit circulation fluid to flow upon the inside and outside of said lowering means while the packer is seated and the lowering means is reciprocated.

23. A drilled well packer andl sampler comprising a packer body, tubular lowering means slidably connected to said packer body,` tubular sampling means connected to the packer bedy and means providing discharge ports at Vthe lower end of said lowering means to permit circulation fluid to flow upon the inside and outside of said lowering means while the lowering means is reciprocated and fluid is drawn from below said packer body through the sampling means.-

24. An apparatus for obtaining iiuid frein i drilled wells-comprising a packer having a passage through which well iuid is adapted t0 be withdrawn, said packer being adapted to be seated in a well,rand a lowering pipe slidably connected to the packer whereby the lowering pipe may be reciprocated while fluid is being withdrawn from below the seated packer, said lowering pipe being of such a diameter as to prevent the well wall from caving in to a diameter materially smaller than the largest external diameter of the body of the acker.

25. n apparatus for obtaining fluid from drilled 'wells comprising a packer having a passage therethrough and a lowering pipe slidably connected to the packer whereby it may be reciprocated while thepacker remains seated in a well and fluid is withdrawn from below the seatedgpacker, said lowering pipe having an externahdiameter substantially equal to the greatest external diameter of the` packer, whereby it will prevent the well wall from caving in to a size smaller than the packer may be recovered through.

26. A well sampling apparatus comprisinga packer having a passage therethrough and adapted to be seated in a well, an outer lowering pipe connected tothe packer adapted to lower it from the surface into the well, and an inner pipe adapted to be lowered within the outer pipe and form a connection with the passage through saidpacker, said'lowering pipe being movably 4connected to the packer so that it may be continuously moved to prevent sticking while the packer remains seated without unseating or loosening the packer.

27. An vapparatus for obtaining fluid from drilled wells comprising a downwardly tapered packer having a passage therethrough, and a pipe movably'connected to the packer adapted to be continuously moved while the packer remains seated, said pipe having an eX- ternal diameter substantially equal to' the greatest external diameter ofthe packer so as to provide for the recovery of the appa'- ratus.

28. A well testing apparatus comprising a packer having a passage extending longitudinally therethrough, an imperforate inner pipe communicating with said packer and extending from said packer, when seated, to

the surface, and an outer pipe disposed about said inner pipe and having a slidable connection with said packer so that it may be freely reciprocated while the packer remains seated without loosening the packer. l

29. A well testing apparatus comprisinga packer, a'lowering string of pipe connected to the packer by vmeans of a slidable connection, an imperforate hollow stem extending upwardly from the packer within said lower- Ling string of pipe,` there being. a passage duitI extending from below the packer` when` seated, to the surface, said conduit and packer servingvto prevent iiuid in the well above the packerfroni entering said conduit. and an outer pipe surrounding said conduit above the packer, said outer pipe being slidably connected to the packer so as tobe capable of being freely reciprocated without disturbing the packer or decreasing its sealing effectiveness.

31. A well packer and iiuid sampler comprising an outer pipe, a packer movably connected to the outer pipe, and an. inner pipe adapted to be lowered within the outer pipe to the packer, said inner pipeand packer be ing adapted to exclude fluid inthe well above the packer from the. interior of the-inner pipe while the'outer pipe is being moved to prevent sticking and a sample is being-obtained from below the packer through the inner pipe.v

32. A well packer and fluid sampler comprising an outer pipe, a'packer movably con- .nected to the outerpipe, and an inner pipe. adapted to.be lowered within the outer pipe to the packer, said outer pipe having ports provided therein near its bottom, said inner pipeand packer being adapted to exclude Huid in the lwell above the packer from the interior of the inner pipewhile the o uter pipe is being moved andcirculation is taking place through the ports to .prevent sticking inner pip'e rom below the packer.

33. A well packer and fluid sampler comprising an outerpipe, a'packer eapableafter having once been seated ina well of retaining its sealing effectiveness independently of' forces exerted Aupon it by the outer pipe,

' .while a sain le isk being obtained through the outer pipe, and means providing a slidable connection between the outer pipe and said packer whereby theiouter pipe may be reciprocated without disturbing the seated packer while a sample is beine obtained through the conduit from below the packer.

34. A well packer and fluid sampler comprising an outer pipe, a packer capable after having once been seated in a well of retaining its sealing effectiveness independently of forces exerted upon it by the outer pipe, an

.inner pipe disposed within the out-er pipe and connected to the packery and serving to cause the packer to maintain its sea-ling e'ectivef ness, and means providing a slidable connection between the outer pipe and said packer whereby the outer pipe may be reciprocated while a sample is being obtained through the inner pipe from below the packer.

i 35. A well packer and fluid sampler coniprising an outer pipe` a packer capable after having once been seated in a well of retaining its sealing effectiveness independently of forces exerted upon it by the'outer pipe, means providingra limited-slidable connec tion between the outer pipe and packer whereby the outer pipe may be reciprocated while the packer remains seated, andan inner pipe adapted tobe lowered within the outer pipe and caused to be connected with said packer whereby' a sample from below the packer may be obtained from below the packer through the inner pipe While the outer pipe is 'eing reciprocated-l to prevent sticking.

36. -A well packer and fluid sampler comprising an outer pipe, a packer capable after having once been seated in a well of retain ing its sealing effectiveness independently of forces exerted upon it by the outer pipe, means providing a slidable connection between the outer pi e and packer whereby the outer pipe may e reciprocated while the y packer remams seated, and an inner pipe adapted to'be lowered within the outer pipe and caused to be connected with said packer, said inner pipe serving to cause the packer to maintain its sealing etl'ectiveness,-while,

the outer pipe is being reciprocated and a sample is being obtained through the inner pipe from below the seated packer.

3T. A well packer and fluid sampler comprising an outer pipe, a packer having a dmvnwardly exposed seating surface movably connected to the outer pipe. and an inner pipe adapted to be lowered within the' outer pipe so as to establish commumcatlon` with a passage through said packer, said outer pipe having ports providedtherein as and for the purpose described.

88. A recoverable well packer and Huid sampler comprising a tubular packerprovided with a downwardly tapered external sealing surface, tubular lowering means connected to said packer and provided with a discharge port adjacent thelower end thereof, said packer having a tubular extension extending up into the lower end of said lowering means and provided with a seat at the upper Aend thereof, and a sampler tube withinv said lowering means` seated by gravity upon said sea t,'said tube, extension and packer, forming a passage -communicating with the space below said packer and extending upward therefrom, the wall of said passage being liquid tight against entry of liquid into said sampler tube above said sealing surface.

39. A `drilled well packer and sampler comprising a packer body provided with an externalldownwardly tapered sealing surface, tubular lowering means connected to said packer body, tubular sampling means adapted to be lowered through the lowering means t'olseatupon said packer body, and means providing discharge ports at the lower end of said' lowering means.

lnitestimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

GEORGE A, MACREADY. 

